Zeitschrift für Zytokinbiologie

Abstrakt

Editorial note on inflammatory

Alireza Heidari

The word "proinflammatory cytokines" refers to immunoregulatory cytokines that promote inflammation. The balance of proinflammatory and antiinflammatory cytokines determines the overall impact of an inflammatory response. Activated macrophages release proinflammatory cytokines, which are involved in the up-regulation of inflammatory reactions. Endothelial adhesion molecules are needed for leukocyte adhesion to the endothelial surface prior to emigration into tissues, and IL-1 and TNF are inducers of these molecules. Inflammation caused by proinflammatory cytokines is caused by a cascade of gene products that are rarely released in healthy people. What causes these genes to be expressed? While endotoxins and other inflammatory products cause it, the proinflammatory cytokines IL-1 and TNF are effective in increasing the expression of these genes. Furthermore, IL-1 and TNF work together in this process. IL-1 and TNF invade the endothelium and cause a cascade of inflammatory mediators, whether triggered by infection, trauma, ischemia, immuneactivated T cells, or toxins.